A Tsunami is a series of ocean waves that are sometimes generated at the same time as an underwater earthquake. Large underwater landslides can also displace a great deal of water and generate a tsunami.

A tsunami wave can race outward in all directions at speeds of up to 800 kilometres an hour and can reach heights of six to nine metres at the shoreline.

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They have nothing to do with the tides or the weather and act differently from ordinary waves.

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They can move through the ocean at intense speeds and be scarcely noticeable, even when passing under a boat.

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The first wave of a tsunami is often not the largest; others may follow for a period of several hours.

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Their danger lies in shallow waters, near shore.

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Heights of the waves increase as the tsunami runs into river and coastal channels.

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Learn the local evacuation routes to safe areas where shelter can be provided.

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If you have enough time, move valuable belongings, pesticides and other dangerous goods to the upper floors.

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Practice home evacuations and choose an out-of-area phone contact.

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Learn first-aid procedures.

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Prepare an emergency survival kit with enough food and water for you and your family to be self-sufficient for a minimum of three days. Your emergency kit should include money, a battery-powered radio, flashlight, extra batteries, candles, water-proof matches, first-aid supplies, extra prescription medications, personal toiletries, cooking utensils, blankets or sleeping bags and extra clothing.

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If you are on a boat, leave the harbour for open water.

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If you are on land near the ocean, go immediately inland or to higher ground.

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Listen to the radio for instructions.

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Restrict your use of the telephone.

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Wait for the “all clear” signal from local authorities before you return home.

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Check your home for damage; do not go inside if it appears unstable.

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